Bibliography A-C

Items with the "**" have not been personally checked. This means that the details given in the entry may not be entirely accurate.

From this page you may return to the main Romance Scholarship page or go directly to

• Academics Who Write Romance
• Academic Online Essays (not published in academic journals or volumes)
• Autobiographies and Biographies of Romance Authors
• Bibliography
  • Bibliography D-G - the second part of our bibliography of academic articles and books about romance.
  • Bibliography H-L - the third part of our bibliography of academic articles and books about romance.
  • Bibliography M-O - the fourth part of our bibliography of academic articles and books about romance.
  • Bibliography P-S - the fifth of our bibliography of academic articles and books about romance.
  • Bibliography T-Z - the last part of our bibliography of academic articles and books about romance.
• Bibliography of Scholarship in Languages Other than English.
• Dissertation Abstracts
• Guides to the Genre
• Romance in the Media - lists news items/features items about romance.
  • Romance in the Media A-I
  • Romance in the Media J-Z
• Romance Resources for Academics - lists romance-related resources which may be of interest to academics.
• Writers on Romance - lists items written about the genre by romance authors but not published in academic journals or books.

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A

Abartis, Caesarea, 1979. 

'The Ugly-Pretty, Dull-Bright, Weak-Strong Girl in the Gothic Mansion', Journal of Popular Culture, 13.2: 257-63.

Adams, Lisa, and John Heath, 2007. 

Why We Read What We Read: A Delightfully Opinionated Journey Through Contemporary Bestsellers. (Naperville, Illinois: Sourcebooks) Has a chapter titled, Hopefully Ever After: Love, Romance, and Relationships.

Adkins, Denice, Linda Esser & Diane Velasquez, 2006. 

‘Relations Between Librarians and Romance Readers: A Missouri Survey’, Public Libraries, 45.4, (July/August 2006): 54-64. Whole issue available as a pdf.

Adkins, Denice, Linda Esser, Diane Velasquez, and Heather L. Hill. 2008. 

"Romance novels in american public libraries: A study of collection development practices." Library Collections, Acquisitions, & Technical Services 32, no. 2: 59-67. Abstract.

Adkins, Denice, Linda R. Esser, and Diane Velasquez, 2010. 

"Promoting Romance Novels in American Public Libraries." Public Libraries 49.4 (July/August): 41-48.

Ahlberg, Sofia, 2009. 

"Women and War in Contemporary Love Stories from Uganda and Nigeria." Comparative Literature Studies 46.2: 407-424.

Alberts, J. K., 1986. 

‘The role of couples' conversations in relationship development: A content analysis of courtship talk in Harlequin romance novels’, Communication Quarterly, 34: 127-142. **

Allan, Jonathan A., 2011. 

"Theorising Male Virginity in Popular Romance Novels." Journal of Popular Romance Studies 2.1 [1]

Allan, Jonathan A., 2012. 

“Theorising the Monstrous and the Virginal in Popular Romance Novels.” eBook of the Inversions of Power and Paradox: Studies of Monstrosity, Eds. Elizabeth Nelson and Jonathan A. Allan. Oxford: Inter-Disciplinary Press, 2012. [The whole volume can be downloaded here and this essay has been made available on its own by the author.]

Allan, Jonathan A., 2013. 

“Reading the Regis Roundtable: An Outsider’s Perspective.” Journal of Popular Romance Studies 3.2 [2] [Also available as a pdf.]

Allan, Jonathan A., 2016. 

"The Purity of His Maleness: Masculinity in Popular Romance Novels." The Journal of Men's Studies. Abstract

Allen, Amanda K. 2009. 

"The Cinderella-Makers: Postwar Adolescent Girl Fiction as Commodity Tales." Lion and the Unicorn 33, no. 3: 282-299.

Allen, Amanda K. 2012. 

“Charm the Boys, Win the Girls: Power Struggles in Mary Stolz’s Cold War Adolescent Girl Romance Novels,” Journal of Popular Romance Studies 3.1. [3]

Allen, Jeanne., 1989 

"Harlequins, Gothics, and Soap Operas: Addressing Needs and Masking Fears." Quarterly Review of Film & Video 11: 113-115. [Excerpt This is a review of Tania Modleski's Loving with a Vengeance.]

Anderson, Jennifer, 1981. 

Mills and Boon: Love and Oppression. Broadway [N.S.W.] : New South Wales Institute of Technology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences.** Details from the National Library of Australia

Anderson, Rachel, 1974. 

The Purple Heart Throbs: The Sub-literature of Love (London: Hodder and Stoughton).

Andresen, Julie Tetel, 1999. 

"Postmodern Identity (Crisis): Confessions of a Linguistic Historiographer and Romance Writer." in Romantic Conventions. Ed. Anne K. Kaler and Rosemary E. Johnson-Kurek (Bowling Green, OH: Popular) pp. 173-186. Excerpt

Ang, Ien, 1996. 

Living Room Wars: Rethinking Media Audiences for a Postmodern World (London & New York: Routledge). [Chapter 6 is titled 'Feminist Desire and Female Pleasure: On Janice Radway's Reading the Romance']

Ardis, Ann. 1996. 

"E. M. Hull, Mass Market Romance and the New Woman Novel in the Early Twentieth Century." Women's Writing 3, no. 3: 287-296. Abstract

Armstrong, Jane, Liz Byrski and Helen Merrick, 2014. 

"Love works: Reading and writing romance in the twenty-first century." Australasian Journal of Popular Culture 3.3: 257-261.

Arnold, Marilyn. 1981.

"Pornography, Romance, and the Paradox of Freedom." In Ye Are Free to Choose: Agency and the Latter-Day Saint Woman, ed. Maren M. Mouritsen. (Provo: Brigham Young Univ.): 50-62.

Aronowitz, Beverly-Lynne, 1988. 

'Women's Fiction and Popular Romance: Student Audience and Teaching Dilemma', Paper presented at the Annual National Literature Conference (3rd, Chicago, IL, October 14-15, 1988). 32 pgs. ERIC document ED298525. Abstract

Aronowitz, Beverly-Lynne, 1991. 

"The Dilemma of Teaching Women's Fiction: Is It Pop, Pulp, Porn-or Poetry?." Pennsylvania English 15.2: 1-20.

Arvanitaki, Eirini, 2015. 

"Gender in Recent Romance Novels: A Third Wave Feminist Mills and Boon Love Affair?", in Re/Presenting Gender and Love, ed. Dikmen Yakalı Çamoğlu (Interdisciplinary Net). Index of the book

Assiter, Alison, 1988. 

‘Romance Fiction: Porn for Women?’, in Perspectives on Pornography: Sexuality in Film and Literature, ed. Gary Day & Clive Bloom (Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan), pp. 101-109.

Ávila, Debbie Maria, 2014. 

"Conflicting Images of Womanhood in the Novels of Alice Ogando." Cincinnati Romance Review 38: 245-259. [4] ["The now largely forgotten Portuguese writer Alice Ogando (1900-1981)[...]'s feminist message is counterposed by her more formulaic romance novels, in which she upholds traditional images of femininity and of idealized marriage"]

B

Bach, Evelyn, 1997.

'Sheik Fantasies: Orientalism and Feminine Desire in the Desert Romance', Hecate, 23.1: 9-40. Unpaginated version

Badik, Victoria L., 1997. 

"On Using Genre Fiction in Bibliotherapy", Paradoxa: Studies in World Literary Genres 3.1-2: 242-245.

Bailie, Helen T., 2011. 

'Blood Ties: The Vampire Lover in the Popular Romance', The Journal of American Culture, 34.2: 141-48. Excerpt

Balducci, Federica, 2011. 

“When chick lit meets romanzo rosa: Intertextual narratives in Stefania Bertola’s romantic fiction,” Journal of Popular Romance Studies 2.1.[5]

Baldus, Kimberly, 2012. 

'Gossip, Liminality, and Erotic Display: Jennifer Crusie’s Links to Eighteenth-Century Amatory Fiction', Journal of Popular Romance Studies 2.2.[6]

Baldys, Emily M., 2012. 

'Disabled Sexuality, Incorporated: The Compulsions of Popular Romance', Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies 6.2: 125-141.Abstract and Excerpt

Banzon-Mooney, Isabela, 1997. 

“‘Cinderella,’ ‘Snow White’ and Romance Fiction.” Journal of English Studies and Comparative Literature 2.1: 4-18. [7].

Barr, Elizabeth, 2013. 

'“Who the devil wrote that?”: Intertextuality and Authorial Reputation in Georgette Heyer’s Venetia', Journal of Popular Romance Studies 3.2.[8] [Also available as a pdf.]

Barrett, Rebecca Kaye, 2003. 

‘Higher Love: What Women Gain from Christian Romance Novels’, Journal of Religion and Popular Culture, 4. Excerpt Archived version

Barrett-Fox, Rebecca, 2007. 

'Hope, Faith and Toughness: An Analysis of the Christian Hero.' in Empowerment versus Oppression: Twenty First Century Views of Popular Romance Novels. ed. Sally Goade, (Newcastle, U.K.:Cambridge Scholars Pub.) pp. 93-102.

Batsleer, Janet, 1981. 

‘Pulp in the Pink’, Spare Rib, 109: 52-5. Pdf available from the British Library Repr. in Bob Ashley (ed.), The Study of Popular Fiction: A Source Book (London: Pinter, 1989), 206-12 and Bob Ashley (ed.) Reading Popular Narrative: A Source Book (London: Leicester University Press, 1989), 217-22.**

Batsleer, Janet, Tony Davies, Rebecca O'Rourke and Chris Weedon, 1985. 

Rewriting English: Cultural Politics of Gender and Class (London: Methuen). There are also a couple of other editions of this book, both published by Routledge. The chapter with most relevance for this bibliography is Chapter 5, "Gender and Genre: Women's Stories," on pages 86-105. A partial preview of that chapter, in one of the Routledge editions, is available.

Baum, Thomas, 2012. 

"Working the Skies: Changing Representations of Gendered Work in the Airline Industry, 1930-2011." Tourism Management 33.5: 1185-1194. [This is mostly about work in the airline industry but it draws on one of Betty Beaty's romances and other works of fiction featuring flight attendants/air stewardesses] Abstract and Unpaginated version

Behm-Morawitz, Elizabeth, Melissa A. Click, and Jennifer Stevens Aubrey. 2010. 

"Relating to Twilight: Fans' Responses to Love and Romance in the Vampire Franchise." In Bitten by Twilight: Youth Culture, Media, and the Vampire Franchise, 137-154. New York, NY: Peter Lang, 2010. [Also of interest may be Aubrey, Jennifer Stevens, Elizabeth Behm-Morawitz, and Melissa A. Click. 2010. "The romanticization of abstinence: Fan response to sexual restraint in the Twilight series." Transformative Works and Cultures 5.]

Beidler, Peter, 1991. 

'The Contemporary Indian Romance: A Review Essay', American Indian Culture and Research Journal 15.4: 97-125. ** [Brief details here and here.]

Bell, Kathleen, 1995. 

'Cross-dressing in Wartime: Georgette Heyer's The Corinthian in its 1940 Context'. War Culture: Social Change and Changing Experience in World War Two Britain, Ed. Pat Kirkham and David Thoms (London: Lawrence and Wishart), 151-60. ** Reprinted in Georgette Heyer: A Critical Retrospective, ed. Mary Fahnestock-Thomas (Saraland AL: Prinny World Press, 2001): 461-72. **

Belsey, Catherine, 1993. 

'Writing About Desire', The Glasgow Review, 2. [9]

Belsey, Catherine, 1994. 

Desire; Love Stories in Western Culture. (Oxford: Blackwell). Chapter 2 (Reading Love Stories) touches on popular romance. Abstract.

Beidler, Peter G., 1991. 

'The Contemporary Indian Romance: A Review Essay', American Indian Culture and Research Journal , 15.4:97-125.

Bennett-Kapusniak, Renee and Adriana McCleer, 2015. 

"Love in the Digital Library: A Search for Racial Heterogeneity in E-Books." Journal of Popular Romance Studies 5.1.[10]

Benson, Stephen, 1996. 

'Stories of Love and Death: Reading and Writing the Fairy Tale Romance', Image & Power: Women in Fiction in the Twentieth Century, ed. Sarah Sceats and Gail Cunningham, (New York: Longman), pp. 103-113. [Benson argues that "The formulaic nature of the popular romance - the generic stamp of Mills and Boon or Harlequin - could be said to have grown out of the structured, repetitive form of the folk tale" (105). The majority of this essay deals with the following tales: Cupid and Psyche; Beauty and the Beast; Bluebeard, and reworkings/reinterpretations of them by Angela Carter and Margaret Atwood.]

Bereska, Tami M., 1994. 

'Adolescent Sexuality and the Changing Romance Novel Market', The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality 3: 35-44.**

Bettinotti, Julia and Marie-Françoise Truel, 1997. 

"Lust and Dust: Desert Fabula in Romances and Media." Paradoxa: Studies in World Literary Genres 3.1-2: 184-194.

Bettinotti, Julia, 1998. 

'Re-imagining the Gold Rush; Prospectors, Log Cabins and Mail-Order Brides in Contemporary Western Romances.' Northern Review, No. 19 (Winter 1998): 170-180.

Betz, Phyllis M. 2009. 

Lesbian romance novels: a history and critical analysis. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co. Description from the publisher.

Bianchi, Diana and Adele d'Arcangelo, 2015. 

'Translating History or Romance? Historical Romantic Fiction and Its Translation in a Globalised Market', Linguistics and Literature Studies 3.5: 248-253.[11]

Blake, Susan L., 2003. 

'What "Race" is the Sheik?: Rereading a Desert Romance', in Doubled Plots: Romance and History, see below, pp. 67-85. Via GoogleBooks[This is about E. M. Hull's The Sheik.]

Bly, Mary, 2012. 

'On Popular Romance, J. R. Ward, and the Limits of Genre Study,' New Approaches to Popular Romance Fiction: Critical Essays, ed. Sarah S. G. Frantz and Eric Murphy Selinger (Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland), pp. 60-72.

Bold, Rudolph, 1980. 

'Trash in the Library', Library Journal, 105.10: 1138-39.

Booth, Naomi. 2015. 

"Good Vibrations: Shaken Subjects and the Disintegrative Romance Heroine." In Women and Erotic Fiction: Critical Essays on Genres, Markets and Readers, 99-116. Jefferson, NC: McFarland

Booth, Sandra, 1997. 

"Paradox in Popular Romances of the 1990s: The Paranormal versus Feminist Humor." Paradoxa: Studies in World Literary Genres 3.1-2: 94-106.

Borgia, Danielle N., 2011. 

"Twilight: The Glamorization of Abuse, Codependency, and White Privilege." Journal of Popular Culture. Article first published online: 21 SEP 2011 in "Early View." Excerpt

Bostian, Patricia Kennedy, 2008. 

'Amanda Scott: Bringing History to Life', Teaching American Literature: A Journal of Theory and Practice 2.2/3. [Formerly at [12]. This link no longer works and the paper appears to have been omitted from the pdf of the entire issue which can be downloaded from [13]].

Botts, Amber, 1999. 

'Cavewoman Impulses: The Jungian Shadow Archetype in Popular Romantic Fiction', in Romantic Conventions, see below, pp. 62-74.

Bowman, Barbara. 1983. 

"Victoria Holt's Gothic Romances: A Structuralist Inquiry." In Fleenor, Julian E. (ed.)The Female Gothic, 69-81. Montreal: Eden.

Bowring, Joanna and Margaret O’Brien, 2008. 

The Art of Romance: Mills & Boon and Harlequin Cover Designs, (Munich: Prestel). [This has a short history of the companies and some descriptions of the covers and then the rest of the book consists of photos of Mills & Boon and Harlequin book covers, many of which can be viewed here, and there are smaller selections here and here.]

Brackett, Kim Pettigrew, 2000. 

"Facework Strategies Among Romance Fiction Readers", The Social Science Journal, 37.3: 347-60.

Breslin, Carol Ann, 1999. 

'Medieval Magic and Witchcraft in the Popular Romance Novel', in Romantic Conventions, see below, pp. 75-85. Excerpt

Bronstein, Carolyn, 2014. 

'The Political Uses of Lesbian Romance Fiction: Reading Patrick Califia’s Macho Sluts as a Response to 1980s Anti-Pornography Feminism', Journal of Popular Romance Studies 4.1.[14]

Brown, Fahamisha Patricia, 2008. 

'Beverly Jenkins', Teaching American Literature: A Journal of Theory and Practice 2.2/3. [Formerly at [15]. This link no longer works but a pdf of the entire issue can be downloaded from [16]].

Brown, Fahamisha Patricia, 2008. 

'Anita Richmond Bunkley', Teaching American Literature: A Journal of Theory and Practice 2.2/3. [Formerly at [17]. This link no longer works but a pdf of the entire issue can be downloaded from [18]].

Brown, Sonya C., 2011. 

'Does This Book Make Me Look Fat?', Journal of Popular Romance Studies 1.2 [19] ["Analysis of the text of several examples of plus-size romances, as well as of readers’ posts and arguments, ultimately reveals deep ambivalence about size acceptance, real and fictional."]

Brunt, Rosalind, 1984. 

'A Career in Love: The Romantic World of Barbara Cartland.' in Popular Fiction and Social Change. ed. Christopher Pawling, (New York: St Martin's), pp. 127-156.

Bryce, Jane, 1996. 

"'A World of Caribbean Romance' Reformulating the Legend of Love or: 'Can a Caress Be Culturally Specific?'." in Framing the Word: Gender and Genre in Caribbean Women's Writing. Ed. Joan Anim-Addo (London: Whiting and Birch), pp. 108-127. **

Burge, Amy, 2012. 

“Do Knights Still Rescue Damsels in Distress?: Reimagining the Medieval in the Mills & Boon Historical Romance,” The Female Figure in Contemporary Historical Fiction , ed. Katherine Cooper and Emma Short (Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan), pp. 95-114. Details Excerpt

Burge, Amy, 2014. 

"‘For you are a man and she is a maid’: Performing masculinity in Orientalist medieval and modern popular romance fiction." Journal of European Popular Culture 5.2: 89-103. Abstract

Burge, Amy, 2016. 

Representing Difference in the Medieval and Modern Orientalist Romance. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Abstract and Table of Contents

Burley, Stephanie, 2000. 

"Shadows and Silhouettes: The Racial Politics of Category Romance." Paradoxa: Studies in World Literary Genres 5.13-14: 324-343.

Burley, Stephanie, 2003. 

'What's a Nice Girl like You Doing in a Book like This?: Homoerotic Reading and Popular Romance', in Doubled Plots: Romance and History, see below, pp. 127-46. Excerpt

Burnett, Ann, & Rhea Reinhardt Beto, 2000. 

‘Reading Romance Novels: An Application of Parasocial Relationship Theory’, North Dakota Journal of Speech & Theatre, 13. [20]

Butler, Lucy. 2014. 

"After Happy Ever: Tender Extremities and Tangled Selves in Three Australasian Bluebeard Tales." Journal Of Popular Romance Studies 4, no. 2: [21]

Byatt, A.S. 1991. 

"An Honourable Escape: Georgette Heyer." in Passions of the Mind: Selected writings. London: Chatto & Windus. 258-265.

C

Cabrera, Christine and Amy Dana Ménard, 2012. 

“'She Exploded into a Million Pieces': A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Orgasms in Contemporary Romance Novels.” Sexuality & Culture, Online First™, 10 July 2012. Details

Cadogan, Mary, 1994. 

And Then Their Hearts Stood Still: An Exuberant Look at Romantic Fiction Past and Present (London: Macmillan).

Calhoun-French, Diane M., 1987. 

'"New" Women in Old Stories: Silhouette "Intimate Moments"', in Heroines of Popular Culture, ed. Pat Browne (Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University Popular Press), pp. 114-119. Pages 115, 116 and 119 are available for viewing via Google Books.

Calhoun-French, Diane M. 2000. 

"Of Love and Death: Murder and Mayhem Meet the Romance." Clues: A Journal of Detection, 21.1: 1-16.

Calhoun-French, Diane M., 1999. 

'Time-Travel and Related Phenomena in Contemporary Popular Romance Fiction', in Romantic Conventions, see below, pp. 100-12. Excerpt

Capelle, Annick, 1996. 

'Harlequin Romances in Western Europe: The Cultural Interactions of Romantic Literature', in European Readings of American Popular Culture, ed. John Dean & Jean-Paul Gabilliet (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press), pp. 91-100. ** Excerpt 1, Excerpt 2

Carroll, Noël, 1994. 

'The Paradox of Junk Fiction', Philosophy and Literature 18.2: 225-241. [This isn't specifically about romance, but it refers to Betty Neels's The Quiet Professor. Excerpt and some comments on it are available here if you scroll down to item 3.]

Carter, Catherine, 2008. 

"Poverty, Payment, Power: Kathleen Thompson Norris and Popular Romance." Studies in American Fiction 36.2: 197-220. Excerpt and Unpaginated version.

Castagna, JoAnn and Robin Radespiel, 1990. 

'Making Rape Romantic: A Study of Rosemary Rogers' "Steve and Ginny" Novels', in Women and Violence in Literature: An Essay Collection, ed. Katherine Anne Ackley (New York : Garland). **

Caton, Steven C., 2000. 

“The Sheik: Instabilities of Race and Gender in Transatlantic Popular Culture of the Early 1920s.” Noble Dreams, Wicked Pleasures: Orientalism in America, 1870-1930. Ed. Holly Edwards. Princeton: Princeton UP. 99-117. **

Cawelti, John G. 1976. 

Adventure, Mystery, and Romance: Formula Stories as Art and Popular Culture (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).

Cawelti, John. 1978. 

"Romance: The Once and Future Queen." The Wilson Quarterly 2.3: 102-109. Excerpt

Chant, Ian, 2013. 

"Popular Romance Project Unites Writers, Scholars, Fans." Library Journal 138.17:52-52.[22]

Chappel, Deborah K., 1997. 

'LaVyrle Spencer and the Anti-Essentialist Argument.' Paradoxa: Studies in World Literary Genres 3.1-2:107-120

Chappel Traylor, Deborah, 2014. 

"To My Mentor, Jan Radway, With Love." Journal of Popular Romance Studies 4.2.[23]

Charles, Helen, 1995. 

'(Not) Compromising: Inter-Skin Colour Relations', in Romance Revisited , ed. Jackie Stacey and Lynne Pearce (New York: New York UP), pp. 197-209. [The author says that she looks at 'inter-skin colour relations in the television programme Taboo (1993) along with Barbara Burford's novella, The Threshing Floor (1986) and Ann Allen Shockley's The Mistress and the Slave Girl (1987)'.]

Charles, John, & Linz, Cathie, 2005. 

'Romancing Your Readers: How Public Libraries Can Become More Romance Reader Friendly', Public Libraries 44.1 (January/February): 43–48. Whole issue available as a pdf.

Chelton, Mary K., 1991. 

'Unrestricted Body Parts and Predictable Bliss: The Audience Appeal of Formula Romances.' Library Journal 116.12: 44-49.

Chelton, Mary K., 2015. 

'Readers' Advisory: There Seem to be More SEALs in Romance Fiction than in the US Navy, and if so, Why Does it Matter?' Reference & User Services Quarterly 55.1: 21-24. Abstract

Chen, Eva Y.I., 2007. 

'Forms of Pleasure in the Reading of Popular Romance:Psychic and Cultural Dimensions.' in Empowerment versus Oppression: Twenty First Century Views of Popular Romance Novels. ed. Sally Goade, (Newcastle, U.K.:Cambridge Scholars Pub.) pp. 30-41.

Cherniak, Mariia, and Stephen Lovell. 2005. 

"Russian Romantic Fiction." In Reading for Entertainment in Contemporary Russia: Post-Soviet Popular Literature in Historical Perspective, 151-172. Munich, Germany: Sagner, 2005.

Chess, Shira, 2014. 

'Strange Bedfellows: Subjectivity, Romance, and Hidden Object Video Games', Games and Culture. Online First, 4 August 2014. Abstract

Cheyne, Ria, 2013. 

"Disability Studies Reads the Romance." Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies 7.1: 37-52. Abstract and Excerpt

Chivers, Marian, Lesley Speed and Meg Tasker, 2014. 

'The warrior woman in Harlequin’s Bombshell Athena Force series.' Australasian Journal of Popular Culture 3.3: 335-349. Abstract

Chopra, Radhika, 1995. 

'Wanted Men: Imaging the Hero in Popular Romantic Fiction' in Perspectives on Women: Canada and India, ed. Aparna Basu (Bombay: Allied Publishers). **

Chopra, Radhika, 1998. 

"Whose Face Do I See?: Anonymity and Authorship in Popular Romances." Indian Journal of Gender Studies 5.2: 185-200. **

Chow, Karen. 1999. 

“Popular Sexual Knowledges and Women’s Agency in 1920s England: Marie Stopes’s Married Love and E.M. Hull’s The Sheik.” Feminist Review 63: 64-87. Excerpt

Christian-Smith, Linda K., 1987. 

'Gender, Popular Culture, and Curriculum - Adolescent Romance Novels as Gender Text', Curriculum Inquiry, 17.4:365-406.

Christian-Smith, Linda K., 1988. 

"Romancing the girl : adolescent romance novels and the construction of femininity." in Becoming Feminine: The Politics of Popular Culture. Ed. by Roman, Leslie G., Linda K. Christian-Smith, and Elizabeth Ann Ellsworth (London: Falmer Press) pp. ?

Christian-Smith, Linda K., 1990. 

Becoming a Woman Through Romance (New York; London: Routledge).

Christian-Smith, Linda K., 1993. 

"Voices of Resistance: Young Women Readers of Romance Fiction." in Beyond Silenced Voices: Class, Race, and Gender in United States Schoools, Ed. by Lois Wies and Michelle Fine (Albany: State University of New York Press) pp. 169-189. Excerpt

Christian-Smith, Linda K., 1993. 

'Sweet Dreams: Gender and Desire in Teen Romance Novels', Texts of Desire: Essays on Fiction, Femininity and Schooling, ed. Linda Christian-Smith. (London: Falmer), pp. 45-68. **

Christian-Smith, Linda K., 1994. 

"Young Women and Their Dream Lovers: Sexuality in Adolescent Fiction." in Sexual Cultures and the Construction of Adolescent Identities. Ed. Janice M. Irvine (Philadelphia : Temple University Press) pp. 206-227. Excerpt

Clancy, Kim, 1992. 

"Tania Modleski, Loving with a Vengeance: Mass-Produced Fantasies for Women." in Reading into Cultural Studies. Ed. Martin Barker and Anne Beezer, (London: Routledge) pp. 119-133. Excerpt and another excerpt.

Clark, Beverly Lyon, Karen Gennari Bernier, Michelle Henneberry-Nassau, Lauren Beth Jenks, Angie J. Moorman, and Marah Bianca Rhoades, 1996. 

'Reading Romance, Reading Ourselves', The Centennial Review, 40.2: 359-84. [Rptd. in Women and Romance: A Reader. Ed. Susan Ostrov Weisser. New York: New York UP, 2001: 355-374. **]

Clasen, Tricia. 2010.

"Taking a Bite Out of Love: The Myth of Romantic Love in the Twilight Series." In Bitten by Twilight: Youth Culture, Media, and the Vampire Franchise, 119-134. New York, NY: Peter Lang, 2010.

Clawson, Laura, 2005. 

'Cowboys and Schoolteachers: Gender in Romance Novels, Secular and Christian', Sociological Perspectives, 48.4: 461-79. Abstract

Cockin, Katharine, 2007. 

"Chicks and Lads in Contemporary Fiction." Anglistik und Englischunterricht, issue on Teaching Contemporary British Fiction, 69: 107-123. Index page only, as pdf.

Coddington, Lynn, 1997. 

"Wavering Between Worlds: Feminist Influences in the Romance Genre." Paradoxa: Studies in World Literary Genres 3.1-2: 58-77.

Cohn, Jan, 1977. 

'The Romances of Mary Roberts Rinehart: Some Problems in the Study of Popular Culture', Journal of Popular Culture, 11.3: 581-590.

Cohn, Jan, 1988. 

Romance and the Erotics of Property: Mass-Market Fiction for Women (Durham and London: Duke UP). Excerpts and more excerpts.

Coles, Claire D., and M. Johnna Shamp, 1984. 

“Some Sexual, Personality, and Demographic Characteristics of Women Readers of Erotic Romances.” Archives of Sexual Behavior 13.3: 187-209.

Cook, Jennifer R., Sharon S. Rostosky and Ellen D. B. Riggle., 2013. 

"Gender Role Models in Fictional Novels for Emerging Adult Lesbians." Journal of Lesbian Studies 17:2: 150-166. [Abstract. The authors analysed "11 young adult novels that received 2011 Lambda Literary Award nominations" and of these five were romances.]

Cook, Jon, 1988. 

“Fictional Fathers.” Sweet Dreams: Sexuality, Gender and Popular Fiction. Ed. Susannah Radstone. (London: Lawrence & Wishart), pp. 137-64. First page.

Cook, Nancy. 2009. 

"Home on the Range: Montana Romances and Geographies of Hope." In All Our Stories Are Here: Critical Perspectives on Montana Literature, 55-77. Lincoln, NE: U of Nebraska P, 2009. [See item via Google Books.]

Cordell, Sigrid, 2013. 

"Loving in Plain Sight: Amish Romance Novels as Evangelical Gothic," Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies 1.2: 1-16. Abstract and link to pdf

Coward, Rosalind, 1984. 

'An Overwhelming Desire', in Female Desire: Women’s Sexuality Today (London: Paladin Grafton Books), pp. 187-196. [This is the chapter which focuses on the romance. An excerpt of part of the chapter can be found in Mary Eagleton's Feminist Literary Criticism, 189-192 ]

Cox, Anthony and Maryanne Fisher, 2009. 

'The Texas Billionaire's Pregnant Bride: An Evolutionary Interpretation of Romance Fiction Titles', Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology 3.4: 386-401.[24] or [25]

Craddock, Louise, 2004. 

'Bridget Jones's Little Red Dress: Chicklit, mass-market popular romance and feminism', Diegesis: Journal of the Association for Research in Popular Fictions 8: 43-51. [Compares Harlequin's Red Dress Ink (chick lit) imprint to its romances] Pdf of whole issue

Crane, Lynda L., 1994. 

'Romance Novel Readers: in Search of Feminist Change?', Women's Studies, 23.3: 257-69.

Crane, Megan, 2015. 

“Stacy Holden’s ‘Love in the Desert’: An Author’s Response”. Journal of Popular Romance Studies 5.1.[26]

Cranny-Francis, Anne, 1990. 

Feminist Fiction: Feminist Uses of Generic Fiction (Cambridge: Polity). [Chapter 6, "Feminist Romance" (pages 177-192) focuses on the romance genre.]

Crawford, Mary, 1994. 

'Rethinking the Romance: Teaching the Content and Function of Gender Stereotypes in the Psychology of Women Course', Teaching of Psychology, 21: 151-153. Fragment of Article **

Creed, Barbara, 1984. 

'The Women's Romance as Sexual Fantasy: Mills & Boon', in All Her Labours II: Embroidering the framework, ed. Margaret Allen, Jean Blackburn, Carol Johnson, Margaret King and Alison Mackinnon (Sydney: Hale and Iremonger): 47-67. **

Creed, Barbara, 2003. 

Media Matrix: Sexing the New Reality (Crows Nest, N.S.W.: Allen & Unwin). review here Contents page and excerpts [contains a chapter on Mills & Boon romances, titled 'Mills & Boon dot com: The beast in the bedroom']

Crusie, Jennifer, 1997. 

‘Romancing Reality: The Power of Romance Fiction to Reinforce and Re-Vision the Real’, first published in Paradoxa: Studies in World Literary Genres, 3.1-2: 81-93. [An unpaginated version is available on Crusie's website.]

Crusie Smith, Jennifer, 1998. 

'The Romantic Suspense Mystery', Mystery and Suspense Writers: The Literature of Crime, Detection, and Espionage, Ed. Robin W. Winks and Maureen Corrigan (New York: Scribner), pp. 1183-97.

Crusie Smith, Jennifer, 1999. 

'This Is Not Your Mother's Cinderella: The Romance Novel as Feminist Fairy Tale', in Romantic Conventions, see below, pp. 51-61. Excerpt. Unpaginated version on Crusie's website.

Curthoys, Ann, and John Docker, 1990. 

'Popular Romance in the Postmodern Age. And an Unknown Australian Author', Continuum: The Australian Journal of Media & Culture, 4.1.[27]